Car bumper of car exterior parts
The front and rear ends of the car are equipped with bumpers, which not only have decorative functions but more importantly, are safety devices that absorb and alleviate external impacts, protect the body and protect the body and the occupants.
Development and evolution：
Many years ago, the front and rear bumpers of automobiles were mainly made of metal materials. The U-shaped channel steel was punched out of steel plates with a thickness of more than 3 mm, and the surface treatment was chrome-plated. It was riveted or welded with the frame rails and compared with the body. The large gap seems to be an additional part that looks very unsightly.
With the development of the automobile industry and the large-scale application of engineering plastics in the automobile industry, automobile bumpers, as an important safety device, have also moved on the road of innovation. At present, in addition to maintaining the original protection function of the front and rear bumpers of the automobile, it is also necessary to pursue harmony and unity with the body shape and to pursue its own lightweight. The front and rear bumpers of a car are made of plastic, and they are called plastic bumpers.
Structure and composition：
The outer plate and buffer material are made of plastic, and the cross beam is stamped with a cold-rolled sheet with a thickness of about 1.5 mm to form a U-shaped groove; the outer plate and buffer material are attached to the crossbeam, and the cross beam and the frame longitudinal beam can be connected by screws at any time Disassemble it. The plastic used in this kind of plastic bumper is generally made of two kinds of materials, polyester-based, and polypropylene-based, and made by injection molding. For example, the bumper of the Peugeot 405 is made of polyester-based materials and made by reaction injection molding. The bumpers of Volkswagen's Audi 100, Golf, Shanghai's Santana, Tianjin's Xiali, and other models are made of polypropylene-based materials by injection molding. There is also a kind of plastic called polycarbonate series abroad, which is infiltrated into alloy components and adopts the method of alloy injection molding. The processed bumper not only has high strength and rigidity, but also has the advantage of being weldable, and has good coating performance. The usage of cars is increasing. The geometric shape of the bumper should not only consider its consistency with the shape of the whole vehicle to ensure beauty but also meet the mechanical characteristics and energy absorption characteristics to ensure shock absorption and relaxation during impact.
Effect;
The bumper has the functions of safety protection, decoration of the vehicle, and improvement of the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle. From a safety point of view, the car can play a buffering role when a low-speed collision accident occurs, protecting the front and rear body; it can play a certain role in protecting pedestrians when an accident occurs with a pedestrian. From the appearance point of view, it is decorative and has become an important part of decorating the appearance of a car; at the same time, the car bumper also has a certain aerodynamic effect.
At the same time, in order to reduce the damage to the occupants of the car in a side collision accident, a door bumper is usually installed on the car to enhance the impact force of the door. This method is practical and simple, with little modification to the body structure, and has been widely used. As early as at the Shenzhen International Automobile Exhibition in 1993, the Honda Accord participating in the exhibition cut a part of a car door to reveal the door bumper to the audience to show its good safety performance.
The installation of door bumpers means that several high-strength steel beams are placed horizontally or obliquely in the door panel of each door, which serves as the front and rear bumper of the car, so that the entire car has bumpers on the front and rear, left and right to "protect", Forming a "copper wall and iron wall", so that the car occupants have a maximum safety area. Of course, installing this kind of door bumper will undoubtedly increase some costs for car manufacturers, but for car occupants, safety and sense of security will increase a lot.
Industry Standard：
On September 1, 2013, China's "Automotive Barrier" industry standard will be officially implemented. The standard was drafted under the leadership of Guangdong Dongjian Group, and a number of domestic scientific research institutions and professional institutions participated in the demonstration. It was passed in April 2014 Approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The implementation of industry standards for protective bars will guide automobile protective bars and bumper manufacturers to strictly follow national and industrial standards to produce.
The industry standard of the "Car Protection Bar" meets the requirements of national mandatory laws and standards. For example, for the collision performance of products, the standard meets the relevant requirements of GB173521998. At the same time, on the basis of meeting the national mandatory regulations to ensure product safety, the standard provides measurement standards for the materials, processes, and performance of automobile protective bars, and proposes scientific testing of test methods. For example, in view of the problem of "paint falling off of automobile protective bars", the coating adhesion test method is stipulated; due to the characteristics of automotive supplies, in view of the problems of inferior products being prone to falling off and loosening, the standard stipulates vibration resistance clauses and clearly stipulates the installation bracket, The installation of the reinforcement plate and the protective bar should not appear to be broken, desoldered or obviously loosened; as appropriate, the general requirements for structural design specified in the standard may also be applied, that is, the aerodynamic characteristics of the entire vehicle should be considered, and the protective bar should not be significantly increased after installation The air resistance of the vehicle and so on.
The "Automotive Protection Bar" standard specifies the function positioning, material application, performance standards, testing methods, production technology, and installation specifications of the automobile protection bar, and puts forward strict requirements.
After the standard is published and effective, there are three ways to initiate the inspection procedure on the product:
First, after consumers encounter product quality problems, they can ask the quality inspection department to inspect the problematic products;
Second, the national quality inspection department shall conduct random inspections of defective products at any time in accordance with the law;
Third, companies or individuals report counterfeit and shoddy products.
After the inspection by the authoritative quality inspection department, the damage caused by the products that do not meet the industry standards of the "Car Protection Bar" shall be borne by the manufacturer and the seller in accordance with the law.
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