Basic understanding and maintenance of car wiper
Windshield wipers are also called wipers, wipers, wipers, or windshield wipers. They are used to wipe off raindrops and dust attached to the windshield of a vehicle to improve the visibility of the driver and increase driving safety. Because of legal requirements, almost all cars have windshield wipers. Wipers are also installed on the rear windows of vehicles such as hatchbacks and SUVs. In addition to cars, wipers are also installed on other transportation vehicles, such as trains and trams. Certain engineering machinery and tools, such as cranes, are also equipped with windshield wipers.
The scientific name of windshield wiper (Windshield Wiper) refers to the chip structure installed in front of the windshield, which is composed of a motor, a reducer, a four-link mechanism, a wiper arm spindle, a wiper blade assembly, etc. The function is to remove rain, snow, and dust on the windshield that obstruct vision.
The intermittent flexible wiper is adjusted by the driver according to the rain and sight conditions. The difference from the wiper on other ordinary cars is that it can automatically raise and lower the wiper speed according to the change of the vehicle speed. Because in the same amount of rainfall, the faster the vehicle speed, the more oncoming rain, and if the vehicle stops, the slower operation of the wiper reduces the noise.
The power source of the wiper comes from the electric motor, which is the core of the entire wiper system. The quality requirements of wiper motors are quite high. It uses a DC permanent magnet motor, and the wiper motor installed on the front windshield is generally integrated with the worm gear mechanical part. The function of the worm gear mechanism is to decelerate and increase the torsion, and its output shaft drives the four-bar linkage mechanism, through which the continuous rotary motion is changed to the left and right swing motion.
The wiper motor adopts a 3-brush structure to facilitate speed change. The intermittent time is controlled by an intermittent relay, and the charge and discharge functions of the return switch contact of the motor and the resistance and capacitance of the relay are used to make the wiper wipe according to a certain period. The wiper blade rubber strip is a tool to directly remove rain and dirt on the glass. The wiper strip is pressed against the glass surface by the spring strip, and its lip must match the angle of the glass in order to achieve the required performance.
Under normal circumstances, there is a wiper control knob on the handle of the automobile combination switch, with 3 gears of low speed, high speed, and intermittent. At the top of the handle is a washer button switch. When the switch is pressed, washing water is sprayed, and the windshield is washed with the wiper. The scrubber system is a very common device on the car. It consists of a water storage tank, a water pump, a water delivery pipe, and a water spray nozzle. The water storage tank is generally a plastic tank of 1.5 liters to 2 liters. The water pump is a miniature electric centrifugal pump. The washing water is divided into small jets and sprayed to the windshield, which cooperates with the wiper to clean the windshield.
Maintenance guide：
1. When using a wiper to remove dust on the surface of the windshield on a sunny day, be sure to spray glass water instead of dry scraping.
2. There is other stubborn and hard dirt on the glass, which should be cleaned by hand. These things can easily damage the wiper blades and cause the wiper to be unclean. In severe cases, the wiper motor will also be affected.
3. When the wiper blade needs to be lifted for car washing and daily cleaning, hold the "back" of the wiper blade and gently send it back when putting it off. Do not snap the wiper blade back.
4. When using in winter, use an ice shovel to clean the ice ballast on the windshield surface to avoid adding to the burden of the wiper.
When the heavy rain will blur your vision, if you don't have a dedicated wiper to wipe off the nasty rain, the consequences can be imagined. At this time, you realize that it may be too late to have a "healthy" wiper. In order to completely guarantee driving safety, you must not be lazy in the maintenance of the wiper.
To clean the wiper correctly: especially sand is the culprit of wiper wear. If you do not pay attention to cleaning at ordinary times, it will cause increased wear and tear of the wiper.
Try to avoid high-temperature exposure: the strong high temperature in summer will test the rubber material of the wiper, which will cause deformation or loss of elasticity for a long time.
Winter maintenance：
1. The weather in winter is relatively cold. After washing the car, the car owner should clean up the water on the wiper blade and the glass in time to avoid freezing the wiper and failing to work normally.
2. Check whether your wiper blades are cracked or damaged in time and diligently. If so, replace them in time, otherwise, the wiper blades will scratch the glass of your car; check every wiper blade in time.
3. Avoid parking in the open air when the car is not used for a long time. If conditions do not permit, it is best to put the wiper upright to avoid freezing the wiper blade and the glass when the snow melts.
4. After each use of the wiper, clean the icing left on the wiper blade in time. And when leaving the car at night, place a towel between the wiper blade and the glass, so that the wiper blade and the glass will not stick together when there is dew or frost.
5. If you find that the wiper is stuck on the windshield by snow water in the early morning, do not wash it directly with hot water. This will easily cause the window to burst and the wiper deformed due to temperature changes. The correct method should be to turn on the air conditioner to hot air, the blowing mode is the front windshield, and wait for the wiper to turn on naturally.
6. The wiper should be turned off and then turned off before parking. Some car owners forget to turn off the wipers, and the wipers will automatically turn on as soon as the car is started the next day. In this case, the wiper that has been frozen can easily be burned out. If you encounter heavy snow, stop at night to prop up the wiper blades if necessary to avoid freezing.
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