What are the plastics commonly used in auto parts?
Plastic has become an important material for car body manufacturing because of its beautiful appearance, lightweight and easy processing. Many parts such as a bumper, the outer edge of the fender, radiator grille, instrument panel, decorative board, etc. of an automobile are all plastic products.
Plastic is a kind of material with a high molecular polymer (synthetic resin) as its main component. In the process of manufacturing and processing, it can be molded into a certain shape at a certain temperature and force and can keep the given shape at normal temperature. Synthetic resin accounts for about 40%~100% of the total weight of plastics. When heated, it usually transforms or has a certain melting range. When transformed, it has fluidity under the action of external force. It is a solid or semi-solid or liquid organic polymer at normal temperature, which is the most basic and important component of plastics. The basic properties of plastics mainly depend on the nature of resins, and additives also play an important role.
Common plastics on cars:
1.nylon material (PA)
Nylon is mainly used in automobile engines and its peripheral parts, and its main varieties are GFPA6, GFPA66, reinforced flame retardant PA6 and other products. Application in peripheral parts of an automobile engine. Because the peripheral components of the engine are mainly heat-generating and vibrating components, most of the components are made of glass fiber reinforced nylon. This is because nylon has better comprehensive properties, and the main properties of nylon modified with glass fiber have been greatly improved, such as strength, product precision, dimensional stability and so on. In addition, there are many varieties of nylon, which are easy to recycle and relatively cheap, etc. These factors make nylon an ideal material for peripheral components of engines.Application in automobile engine parts: The engine cover, engine decorative cover, cylinder head cover and other parts generally use modified nylon as the first choice material. Compared with metal materials, taking the cylinder head cover as an example, the weight is reduced by 50% and the cost is reduced by 30%. In addition to engine parts, reinforced nylon can also be used for other stressed parts of automobiles, such as oil filter, rain wipers, radiator grille, etc.
2. polyester material (PBT)
In the field of automobile manufacturing, PBT is widely used to produce bumper, carburetor assembly, fender, spoiler, spark plug terminal board, oil supply system parts, instrument panel, automobile igniter, accelerator and clutch pedal, etc. The competition between PBT and reinforced PA, PC and POM in the automobile manufacturing industry is fierce. PA absorbs water easily, while PC is less resistant to heat and drug than PBT. In the aspect of automobile use connection, PBT will gradually replace PA because its water absorption resistance is better than PA. Under the condition of high relative humidity and extreme humidity, the plasticity is easy to decrease due to humidity, and corrosion is easy to occur at the electrical node, so modified PBT can often be used. PBT can still be used normally at 80°C and 90% relative humidity, and the effect is very good.
3. Polyoxymethylene Materials (POM)
The automobile industry is the biggest potential market of POM materials. POM has the advantages of a lightweight, high hardness, wear resistance, creep resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, etc. It is very suitable for manufacturing automobile pumps, carburetor parts, oil pipelines, power valves, bearings, motor gears, cranks, handles, instrument panels, automobile window elevator devices, electric switches, safety belt buckles, etc. In particular, wear-resistant parts such as sliding blocks are the strengths of modified POM, which wear little metal and reduce the amount of lubricating oil
4. polycarbonate material (PC)
Due to its excellent heat resistance, impact resistance, rigidity and good processing fluidity, modified PC is mainly used in automobile parts such as exterior and interior parts, parts around instrument panel, anti-freezing plate, door handle, negative flow plate, bracket, steering column sheath, decorative plate, air conditioning system parts, car lamp parts, etc.
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